To address this complexity, a collaborative approach involving stakeholders in co-developing a water management plan was adopted. The research employed the Adaptive Planning Process (APP) and Actor, Resources, Dynamics, and Interactions (ARDI) framework to engage stakeholders in identifying shared concerns, envisioning a desired future, and mapping out the system's components. Agent-based modelling and hydrological models were developed to simulate different water management scenarios.

The study highlights the importance of stakeholder engagement and collaboration in developing effective water management strategies. By combining different modelling approaches and involving stakeholders in the process, it provides a foundation for negotiating a shared water management plan.

Key challenges include overcoming water scarcity, resolving stakeholder conflicts, and addressing data limitations. The research emphasizes the need for a collaborative governance approach, involving stakeholders in decision-making and building trust among different groups.

While the study focuses on the KBV region, its findings have broader implications for water management in South Africa and other regions facing similar challenges. By fostering collaboration and utilizing appropriate tools, it is possible to develop sustainable and equitable water management solutions.

To find out more and read David and his team's research paper visit https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.131522.